Questions for Complementarians and Egalitarians on 1 Timothy 2 by Jon Davies

Questions on 1 Timothy 2 if you are a complementarian (believe that men and women should have different roles)


  1. What kind of female teaching did this passage prohibit specifically in Ephesus? Is it all female teaching? Is it female to adult male teaching? Can females teach male children? How do we know? 
  2. Further, depending on your answer above, how does Priscilla and Aquila teaching Apollos, and female prophetesses fit in with this? 
  3. Could women sing in Ephesus? If so, isn’t this teaching (cf. Col 3:16)? 
  4. In your view, could women teach then but not assume authority over a man? If so, how? And could they do this today? 
  5. Further, applying this today, is this teaching just limited to biblical exposition? What about if a woman had a degree in Hebrew studies or textual criticism? Could she teach the basics of Biblical Hebrew to men today? 
  6. If this passage is crucial to apply today in church life, why don’t we also prohibit expensive clothes and gold? Or mandate men lifting up their hands to pray (1 Tim 2:8-10)?


Questions on 1 Timothy 2 if you are an egalitarian (believe that men and women should have the same roles)



  1. What indicators in the text are there that these women were false teachers? 
  2. If the passage is just about false teachers, does that mean that all of the false teachers in Ephesus were women?! 
  3. What does ‘full submission’ refer to in this passage? 
  4. If this passage was just limited to Ephesus, why does it draw on the male: female creation narratives? 
  5. If this passage is just specific to its context, and doesn’t mean that women couldn’t teach, why did most of the early church (& most Christian commentators over the last 2,000 years) think it wasn’t? 
  6. (Slightly provocative, but meant well!) Given the fact that God would know this passage has been the basis of a lot of women not teaching/leading, why didn’t He make it clearer that this was time-bound?